Angiocardiography 心血管造影术
An
X-ray examination of the blood vessels or chambers of the heart. It is
made by tracing the course of a special fluid (called contrast or dye),
visible by X-ray, that has been injected into the bloodstream. The
X-ray pictures are called angiograms.
Aorta 主动脉
The large artery that receives blood from the left ventricle of the heart and distributes it to the body.
Aortic valve 主动脉瓣
The heart valve between the left ventricle and the aorta. It has three flaps, or cusps.
Arrhythmia (Dysrhythmia) 心律失常
An abnormal rhythm of the heart.
Artery 动脉
Any one of a series of vessels that carry blood from the heart to the various parts of the body.
Atresia 闭锁
The absence of a normal opening.
Atrium 心房
Either
one of the two upper chambers of the heart in which blood collects
before being passed to the ventricles; also called auricle.
Balloon angioplasty 球囊血管成形术
A
procedure in which a balloon is inserted into a narrowed area of a
blood vessel. When the balloon is inflated, the narrowed area is
stretched open and then the balloon is removed. Also called balloon
dilation angioplasty.
Balloon valvuloplasty 球囊瓣膜成形术
A
procedure in which a balloon is inserted into the opening of a narrowed
heart valve. When the balloon is inflated, the valve is stretched open
and then the balloon is removed.
Blood pressure 血压
The force or pressure exerted by the heart in pumping blood; pressure of the blood in the arteries.
Cardiac 心脏的
Pertaining to the heart.
Cardiac arrest 心脏骤停
When the heart stops beating.
Cardiology 心脏病学
The study of the heart and its functions in health and disease.
Cardiovascular 心血管
Pertaining to the heart and blood vessels.
Catheterization 心导管（术）
The
process of examining the heart by inserting a thin tube (catheter) into
a vein or artery and passing it into the heart. It's done to sample
oxygen, measure pressure and make X-ray movies.
Congenital heart defect 先天性心脏病
Part of the heart or its major blood vessels that isn't formed properly and doesn't work as it should at birth.
Congestive heart failure 充血性心力衰竭
The
inability of the heart to pump out all the blood that returns to it.
This results in blood backing up in the veins that lead to the heart.
Sometimes fluid builds up in various parts of the body.
Coronary arteries 冠状动脉
Two
arteries arising from the aorta. The arteries arch down over the top of
the heart, branch out and provide blood to the working heart muscle.
Cyanosis 紫绀
Blueness of skin caused by a shortage of oxygen in the blood.
Diastolic blood pressure （血压）舒张压
The blood pressure inside the arteries when the heart muscle is relaxed.
Digoxin 地高辛
A
drug often used in treating congestive heart failure. It makes the
contraction of the heart muscle stronger, slows the rate of heart beats
and helps remove extra fluid from body tissues. It's also used
sometimes to treat certain arrhythmias.
Diuretic 利尿剂
A drug that increases the rate that urine forms. It promotes the excretion of water and salts.
Doppler 多普勒超声
See ultrasound.
Dysrhythmia (Arrhythmia) 心律失常
An abnormal rhythm of the heart.
Echocardiography 超声心动图
A
diagnostic method in which pulses of sound are transmitted into the
body. The echoes returning from the surfaces of the heart and other
structures are plotted and recorded on electronic equipment.
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) 心电图
A graphic record or electrical impulses produced by the heart.
Endocarditis 心内膜炎
An inflammation of the inner lining of the heart or heart valves.
High blood pressure 高血压
A chronic increase in blood pressure above the normal range. The increase persists over two or more measurements.
Hypertension 高血压
Same as high blood pressure.
Hypothermia 低温
A
procedure that lowers a patient's body temperature during surgery. It
stops all blood circulation so the surgeon can safely repair the heart.
Mitral valve 二尖瓣
The heart valve between the left atrium and left ventricle. It has two flaps, or cusps.
Open-heart surgery 心脏外科手术
Surgery done on the opened heart while the bloodstream is diverted through a heart-lung machine.
Pacemaker 起搏器
The
"natural" pacemaker of the heart is called the sinus node. The sinus
node is a small mass of special cells in the top of the right atrium of
the heart. It produces the electrical impulse that goes to the left
atrium and travels down to reach the ventricular muscle. These impulses
cause the heart to contract or "beat." The term "artificial pacemaker"
is applied to an electrical device that can be used to replace a
defective natural pacemaker or conduction pathway. The artificial
pacemaker controls the heart's beating and rhythm by emitting a series
of electrical discharges.
Pulmonary artery 肺动脉
The large artery that receives blood from the right ventricle and takes it to the lungs.
Pulmonary (pulmonic) valve 肺动脉瓣
The heart valve between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. It has three flaps, or cusps.
Regurgitation （瓣膜）返流
The abnormal backward flowing of blood through a heart valve.
Rubella 风疹
Commonly known as German measles.
Septum 隔（如室间隔或房间隔）
One
of the muscular walls dividing the two chambers on the left side of the
heart from the two chambers on the right. The atrial septum separates
the top chambers and the ventricular septum separates the bottom
chambers.
Stenosis 狭窄
The narrowing or constriction of an opening (such as a heart valve).
Systolic blood pressure （血压）收缩压
Pressure inside the arteries when the heart contracts with each beat.
Tricuspid valve 三尖瓣
The heart valve between the right atrium and right ventricle. It has three flaps, or cusps.
Ultrasound 超声
High
frequency sound vibration, that a human ear can't hear, used in medical
diagnosis. In pediatric cardiology the ultrasound test includes both
echocardiography (shows a picture of the heart) and the Doppler test
(analyzes blood flow).
Valve 瓣膜
An
opening, covered by membrane flaps, between two chambers of the heart
or between a chamber of the heart and a blood vessel. When it's closed,
no blood normally passes through.
Vascular 血管的
Pertaining to the blood vessels.
Vein 静脉
Any one of a series of vessels that carry blood from various parts of the body back to the heart.
Ventricle 心室
One of the heart's two lower chambers.
